Use sperm count calculator to calculate total count of motile spermatozoa per ejaculate.
| WHO 2010 | WHO 1999 | |
| Semen volume | ≥ 1.5 mL | ≥ 2 mL |
| Liquefaction time | < 60 min | < 60 min |
| Semen viscosity | < 2 cm | < 2 cm |
| pH | ≥ 7.2 | ≥ 7.2 |
| Sperm count per 1 ml | ≥ 15×106 | ≥ 20×106 |
| Sperm count per ejaculate | ≥ 39×106 | ≥ 40×106 |
| Vitality | ≥ 58% | ≥ 75% |
| Morphology (normal forms) | ≥ 4% | ≥ 14% |
| Total motility (a+b) | ≥ 40% | ≥ 50% |
| Progressive motility (a) | ≥ 32% | ≥ 25% |
| Leukocytes | < 1×106/mL | < 1×106/mL |
| MAR-test | < 50% | < 50% |
Minimum requirements for fertility (WHO 2010):
> 624 200
Total motility (Normal forms)
> 499 200
Progressive motility (Normal forms)
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aspermia - no semen (no or retrograde ejaculation)
hypospermia - Semen volume < 1.5 mL
hyperspermia - Semen volume > 6 mL
leuko(cyto)spermia, pyospermia - Leukocytes > 1x106/mL
azoospermia - no spermatozoa in semen (confirmed after centrifugation)
necrozoospermia - dead or immobile sperms
teratozoospermia - abnormal morphology
asthenozoospermia - reduced sperm motility
asthenoteratozoospermia - reduced sperm motility, abnormal morphology
oligozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen
oligoteratozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen, abnormal morphology
oligoasthenozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen, reduced sperm motility
oligoasthenoteratozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen, reduced sperm motility, abnormal morphology
cryptozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation)
cryptoteratozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation), abnormal morphology
cryptoasthenozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation), reduced sperm motility
cryptoasthenoteratozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation), reduced sperm motility, abnormal morphology
polyzoospermia - high concentration (>250000000/ml)
Semen volume
normospermia - normal semen volumeaspermia - no semen (no or retrograde ejaculation)
hypospermia - Semen volume < 1.5 mL
hyperspermia - Semen volume > 6 mL
leuko(cyto)spermia, pyospermia - Leukocytes > 1x106/mL
Sperm count
normozoospermia - normal spermazoospermia - no spermatozoa in semen (confirmed after centrifugation)
necrozoospermia - dead or immobile sperms
teratozoospermia - abnormal morphology
asthenozoospermia - reduced sperm motility
asthenoteratozoospermia - reduced sperm motility, abnormal morphology
oligozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen
oligoteratozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen, abnormal morphology
oligoasthenozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen, reduced sperm motility
oligoasthenoteratozoospermia - few spermatozoa in semen, reduced sperm motility, abnormal morphology
cryptozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation)
cryptoteratozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation), abnormal morphology
cryptoasthenozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation), reduced sperm motility
cryptoasthenoteratozoospermia - "hidden sperm" (spermatozoa found only after centrifugation), reduced sperm motility, abnormal morphology
polyzoospermia - high concentration (>250000000/ml)